Hybrid nanocomposite preparation in a batch mixer and a twin-screw extruder

Abstract

Hybrid polymer nanocomposites (HPN) with same composition were prepared in an internal mixer and in an extruder at the same temperature. Polypropylene grafted with maleic anhydride and aluminum isopropoxide were used as organic and inorganic components, respectively. Moreover, the chemical and morphological evolution along the extruder was followed. The HPNs were characterized by several techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared, rheology, X-ray diffraction, gel content, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, and transmission electronic microscopy. Chemical and morphological characterization showed that the sol–gel reaction in the extruder was more extensive; the produced nanocomposite exhibited a higher ross-linking level with smaller and more homogeneous nanoparticles. Along the extruder, the nanoparticles’, size decreased as the reaction took place.