Hybrid sol-gel matrices doped with colorimetric/fluorimetric imidazole derivatives

Abstract

Organic–inorganic hybrids (OIH) are materials that can be easily synthesized by the sol–gel method and combine the advantages of organic and inorganic moieties within a single polymeric matrix. Imidazole derivatives are versatile organic compounds that can change their optical properties with the variation of pH due to the protonation or deprotonation of the nitrogen atoms. This work reports the preparation of different OIHs doped with different contents of two imidazole compounds (<b>3a</b>,<b>b</b>). The obtained materials were characterized structurally by FTIR, and the dielectric properties were studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The optical properties were studied by UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies. The FTIR analysis showed that the presence of the imidazole does not change the structural properties of the matrices. The normalized resistance values obtained for the doped matrices ranged between 8.57 and 9.32 Ω cm², all being higher than the undoped matrix. The σ ranged between 9.49 and 10.28 S cm⁻¹, being all higher than the pure OIH samples. Compound <b>3a</b> showed a maximum absorption peak at 390 nm, which is present in the OIH spectra, proving the presence of the compound. In the case of compound <b>3b</b>, a maximum absorption wavelength at 412 nm was found, and the compound peak was not clear, which may indicate that an interaction between the compound and the matrix occurred. A synergetic effect between the intrinsic emission of the matrix and the fluorescence of <b>3a</b> is found on the OIH-doped matrices.