Percepción de familia entre mujeres embarazadas del norte de Portugal

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the different ways of 'being a family' and that predominate in different social contexts ranging from rural to urban spaces based on the reasons that support the decision to have children. Materials and methods: A qualitative study was designed and analyzed using case studies of different health areas of northern Portugal. The methodology used was based on semi-structured interviews with 50 pregnant women. It was done a content analysis of interviews. Results: Based on the stories obtained through interviews, we identified the category "reference model of family ", in which two subcategories listed was identified: “the dream of building a new family” and “the dream come true”. These results match the idea of aspirations (initial ideal) and representations (abstract ideal). The results suggest a family oriented by ideals and show a decrease in the number of children per woman. This is the result of a perception of the associated costs of this decision. Conclusions: From the universe of aspirations centered in the desire for children, only a few women prefer a life without children. However, we identified a dissonance between the initial aspirations and the practices. It is concluded that there is a process of choice between having children, as well as the transition to parenthood as a conjugal project.

Objective: To analyze the different ways of 'being a family' and that predominate in different social contexts ranging from rural to urban spaces based on the reasons that support the decision to have children. Materials and methods: A qualitative study was designed and analyzed using case studies of different health areas of northern Portugal. The methodology used was based on semi-structured interviews with 50 pregnant women. It was done a content analysis of interviews. Results: Based on the stories obtained through interviews, we identified the category "reference model of family ", in which two subcategories listed was identified: “the dream of building a new family” and “the dream come true”. These results match the idea of aspirations (initial ideal) and representations (abstract ideal). The results suggest a family oriented by ideals and show a decrease in the number of children per woman. This is the result of a perception of the associated costs of this decision. Conclusions: From the universe of aspirations centered in the desire for children, only a few women prefer a life without children. However, we identified a dissonance between the initial aspirations and the practices. It is concluded that there is a process of choice between having children, as well as the transition to parenthood as a conjugal project.

Objectivo: Analisar os diferentes modos de «ser família» e que predominam em contextos sociais que vão desde a ruralidade até à urbanidade tendo por base as razões que sustentam a decisão de ter descendência. Materiais e métodos: Estudo qualitativo com base em estudo de casos em diferentes centros de saúde no norte de Portugal. A metodologia envolveu a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas a 50 mulheres grávidas. Para analisar os dados recorreu-se à análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Com base nos relatos obtidos identificou-se a categoria "Modelo de referência familiar", que identifica duas subcategorias: A construção da nova família: o sonho e o sonho tornado realidade. Estes resultados correspondem às aspirações de ideia (ideal inicial, antes de engravidar) e às representações (ideal abstracto). Conclusões: Os resultados apontam para um ideal de família orientado para os dois filhos e demonstram uma diminuição do número de filhos por mulher. A diminuição do número de filhos é também o resultado de um cálculo onde são ponderados os custos associados a esta decisão. Do universo das aspirações impõe-se a evocação da vontade de ter filhos. Foram realmente poucas as inquiridas que traçaram um projeto de vida sem filhos. Todavia verificamos uma dissonância entre as aspirações iniciais e por conseguinte com as práticas.

Objectif: Analyser les différentes formes de «être famille» qui prédominent dans des contextes sociaux allant du rural à la vie urbaine ayant pour motifs la décision d’avoir des enfants. Matériaux et méthodes: Étude qualitative basée sur des études de cas dans des centres de santé primaires dans le nord du Portugal. La méthodologie se base sur des entrevues semi-structurées à 50 femmes enceintes. Pour analyser les données, on a utilisé l’analyse des contenus.. Résultats: Basé sur les données, on a identifié la catégorie «Modèle de famille», qui identifie deux sous-catégories: la construction de la nouvelle famille : le rêve et le rêve devenu réalité. Ces résultats correspondent aux aspirations de l’idée (idéal, avant la grossesse) et représentations (idéal abstrait). Les résultats pointent vers un idéal de famille orienté vers les enfants et montrent une diminution du nombre d’enfants par femme qui est également la conséquence de facteurs socioéconomiques qui influencent cette décision. L’univers des aspirations permet l’évocation du désir d’avoir des enfants. Conclusions: On a eu très peu de femmes qui désirent une vie sans enfant. Cependant, nous voyons une dissonance entre les aspirations initiales (idéal) et les représentations (idéal abstrait). On conclut qu'il existe un choix entre avoir enfants, bien comme la transition vers la parentalité en tant que projet conjugal.