Multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on vector angle neighborhood

Abstract

Selection is a major driving force behind evolution and is a key feature of multiobjective evolutionary algorithms. Selection aims at promoting the survival and reproduction of individuals that are most fitted to a given environment. In the presence of multiple objectives, major challenges faced by this operator come from the need to address both the population convergence and diversity, which are conflicting to a certain extent. This paper proposes a new selection scheme for evolutionary multiobjective optimization. Its distinctive feature is a similarity measure for estimating the population diversity, which is based on the angle between the objective vectors. The smaller the angle, the more similar individuals. The concept of similarity is exploited during the mating by defining the neighborhood and the replacement by determining the most crowded region where the worst individual is identified. The latter is performed on the basis of a convergence measure that plays a major role in guiding the population towards the Pareto optimal front. The proposed algorithm is intended to exploit strengths of decomposition-based approaches in promoting diversity among the population while reducing the user's burden of specifying weight vectors before the search. The proposed approach is validated by computational experiments with state-of-the-art algorithms on problems with different characteristics. The obtained results indicate a highly competitive performance of the proposed approach. Significant advantages are revealed when dealing with problems posing substantial difficulties in keeping diversity, including many-objective problems. The relevance of the suggested similarity and convergence measures are shown. The validity of the approach is also demonstrated on engineering problems.