Characterization of the chemical composition of banana peels from southern Brazil across the seasons using nuclear magnetic resonance and chemometrics

Abstract

Banana peels are a source of important bioactive compounds, such as phenolics, carotenoids, biogenic amines, among others. For industrial usage of that by-product, a certain homogeneity of its chemical composition is claimed, a trait affected by the effect of (a)bioatic ecological factors. In this sense, this study aimed to investigate the banana peels chemical composition, to get insights on eventual metabolic changes caused by the seasons, in southern Brazil. For this purpose, a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)-based metabolic profiling strategy was adopted, followed by chemometrics analysis, using the specmine package for the R environment. The obtained results show that the different seasons can, in fact, influence the metabolic composition, namely the levels of metabolites extracted from the bananas peels. The analytical approach herein adopted, i.e., NMR-based metabolomics coupled to chemometrics analysis, seems to enable identifying the chemical heterogeneity of banana peels over the harvest seasons, allowing obtaining standardized extracts for further technological purposes of usage.