Enzyme-mediated surface modification of jute and its influence on the properties of jute/epoxy composites

Abstract

Surface modification of jute fibers is necessary to improve the adhesion and interfacial compatibility between fibers and resin matrix before using fibers in polymer composites. In this study, dodecyl gallate (DG) was enzymatically grafted onto the jute fiber by laccase to endow the fiber with hydrophobicity. A hand lay-up technique was then adopted to prepare jute/epoxy composites. Contact angle and wetting time measurements showed that the surface hydrophobicity of the jute fabric was increased after the enzymatic graft modification. The water absorption and thickness swelling of the DG-grafted jute fabric/epoxy composite were lower than those of the other composites. The tensile and dynamic mechanical properties of the jute/epoxy composites were enhanced by the surface modification. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed stronger fibermatrix adhesion in composites with modified fibers. Therefore, the enzymatic graft modification increased the fibermatrix interface area. The fibermatrix adhesion was enhanced, and the mechanical properties of the composites were improved.