The Portuguese masonry's mechanical characterization

Abstract

The aim of this study is the characterization of the mechanical properties of typical masonry components in Portugal and the definition of mortar compositions, with direct implication to the National Annex of EC6. For masonry units the following were evaluated: the dimensions; water absorption and compressive strength. To assess mortar parameters such as, consistence, air content, compressive and flexural tensile strength, fracture energy and shrinkage, an analysis with various types of traditional and ready-to-use mortars was also performed. For several traditional mortars with different compositions and various strength classes, by varying the type of binder (cement, hydrated lime and hydraulic lime) and the type of sand (natural or artificial), it was possible to draw some conclusions about the parameters mentioned, such as: for the same strength class, the study compositions presented higher values of binder than the EC6 compositions and the shrinkage of cement mortars develops quicker than that of mixed mortars; for the same kind of sands there is a straight relationship between the maximum load applied and fracture energy. An experimental characterization of mechanical properties of masonry